Question: Weakened Blood Vessel Walls And Loose Attachment Of The Periosteum To Bone Leads To Production Of Bone Matrix, And Hemorrhage Lack Of Calcitriol Prevents Ca+2 Absorption From Diet, Causing Bones (especially Leg Bones) To Bend Under Weight (producing Bowed Legs) Brittle Bones That Fracture Easily Osteoporosis Match The Disease To Its Symptoms. DISEASES: …

Weakened blood vessel walls and loose attachment of the periosteum to bone leads to production of bone matrix, and hemorrhage Lack of calcitriol prevents Ca+2 absorption from diet, causing bones (especially leg bones) to bend under weight (producing bowed legs) Brittle bones that fracture easily osteoporosis Match the disease to its symptoms. DISEASES: Rickets: a vitamin D deficiency Parathyroidism: hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone. Scurvy: A deficiency of Vitamin C, necessary for collagen synthesis. Disuse atrophy: physical stress stimulates osteoblasts. In the absence of stress, balance shifts towards osteoclasts Osteogenesis imperfecta: genetic defect causing abnormal collagen development (specifically the type of collagen found in bones) Osteopetrosis: genetic disease that leads to decreased osteoclast activity. Achondroplasia: dominant genetic disease in which the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate fails to develop normally. Pituitary dwarfism: growth hormone deficiency Osteoporosis: Loss of balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Often occurs after menopause because estrogen inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: Affected individuals have normal sized heads and torso, short arms and legs. Bone mass and size decrease in an immobilized limb. Osteoclast activation, kidney reabsorbtion of Ca+2 and increased absorption of Ca+2 from the gut lead to increased blood Ca+2 and bone density loss. Heavily mineralized, thickened bones. Loss of bone marrow leads to anemia. Affected individuals are normally proportioned but very small frutom dwathism Low bone mass, especially in the trabeculae of spongy bone, increases risk of fractures. Treated with diet, exercise, and medications derived from calcitonin or estrogen.